Evaluation of the Anticancer Potential of Crude,Irradiated Cerastes cerastes Snake Venom and Propolis Ethanolic Extract & Related Biological Alterations

We aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of crude venom (CV), γ irradiated Certastes cerastes venom (IRRV), and propolis ethanolic extract (PEE). IRRV showed a higher toxicity than CV, while CV-PEE showed higher toxicity than IRRV and CV against lung [A549] and prostate [PC3] cancer cells. Toxicity to [A549] and [PC3] cells was concentration and cell type dependent. In comparison to controls, apoptotic genes showed a significant upregulation of P53 and Casp-3 and a downregulation of Bcl-2. Also, induced elevated DNA accumulation in the [S] phase post PC3 cell treatment with IRRV and CV, as well as a significant DNA accumulation at G2/M phase after IRRV treatment of A549 cells. In contrast, PC3 cells showed a negligible cellular DNA accumulation after PEE treatment. Glutathione reductase [GR] was reduced in case of PC3 and A549 cell treated with IRRV, CV, and PEE compared with its values in untreated cell control. The Malondialdehyde [MDA] values in both cells recorded a significant elevation post IRRV treatment compared to the rest of the treatment regimen and untreated cell control. Similarly, IRRV and CV-PEE mix showed obviously higher reactive oxygen species [ROS] values than PC3 and A549 cell treatments with CV and PEE.     

Synthesis and bioactivity of O‐ethyl phosphorodiamidates derived from quinazolin‐4‐ones and either amino acid esters or fatty amines

Synthesis of several O‐ethyl phos‐phorodiamidates derived from unsubstituted, or 6‐bromo‐, or 6‐nitro‐3‐amino‐2‐methyl‐3H‐quinazolin‐4‐one and either amino acid esters or fatty amines is described. These compounds showed high insecticidal activity toward mosquito larvae, with lethal concentrations LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ as low as 0.028 and 1.724 ppm, respectively. The highest activity was observed with those compounds containing both a nitro substituent and a 10‐carbon‐atom fatty‐amine moiety. Multiple regression analysis was used to explain the larvicidal activity variation of these compounds. The larvicidal activity generally decreased according to the following order of amino acid moieties: glutamic acid > methionine > glycine > alanine > phenylalanine. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 10: 455–460, 1999     

Reliability analysis of a k-out-of-n:F system under a linear degradation model with calibrations

Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics - A k-out-of-n:F system with both of soft and hard failures is considered such that its components degrade through internal and external factors....     

Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Interchange between Zr and Ti within the MIL-125-NH2 Metal Cluster

This study aims to investigate the effect of replacing Ti with Zr in the SBU of MIL-125-NH₂. We were able to replace Ti with Zr in the mixed metal synthesis of MIL-125-NH₂, for the first time. After experimentally confirming the consistency in their framework structure and comparing their morphology, we related the femtosecond light dynamics with photocatalytic CO₂ visible light conversion yield of the different variants in order to establish the composition-function relation in MIL-125 vis a vis CO₂ reduction. Introducing Zr to the system was found to cause structure defects due to missing linkers. The lifetime of the charge carriers for the mixed metal samples were shorter than that of the MIL-125-NH₂. The study of CO₂ photocatalytic reduction under visible light indicated that the NH₂ group enhances the photocatalytic activity while the Zr incorporation inside the MIL framework introduces no significant improvements. In addition, the material systems were modelled and simulated through DFT calculations which concluded that the decrease of the photocatalytic activity is not related to the system electronic structure, insinuating that defects are the culprit.     

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of vinyloxy quinolines with α-alkoxy carbonyl aldonitrones or cyclic surrogates: A comparative study for an asymmetric access to trans 4-quinolinoxy oxaprolines

The asymmetric access to unreported trans 4-quinolinoxy oxaproline precursors is investigated here in a comparative way by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of vinyloxy quinolines with chiral α-alkoxycarbonyl aldonitrones and chiral cyclic surrogates.     

Optimal design of shock ignition target in order to stop generated hot electrons within the cold fuel

Generation of hot electrons (HEs) within ignitor pulse interaction with pre-compressed fuel is an important challenge in the shock ignition approach. Target optimization in order to prevent the destructive effects of HE is the main goal of the present work. In the first stage, the spectrum of electron energy generated during the interaction of ignitor pulse at different widths with the HiPER pre-compressed target has been estimated by applying particle simulation tool. Then, by changing the thickness of the cold fuel in the range of 185–225 μm, the corresponding areal densities are calculated using 1D hydrodynamic simulations. Finally, in order to assess the energy fusion yield, the iso-gain curves are obtained for different ignitor time windows as well as target thicknesses. Simulation results indicate that by decreasing the baseline, target thickness leads to a 17–70% increase in the fuel areal density. Subsequently, it has been demonstrated that by properly adjusting the parameters of ignitor pulse launch time and its width and employing a target with areal density high enough to stop the HEs, energy gain above 140 can be achieved. Optimal areas for shell thickness and ignitor time window are identified.     

Sulfonated palladium(II) N‐heterocyclic carbene complex immobilized on nano–micro size poly(4‐vinylpyridinium chloride) for Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction

The sulfonated palladium(II) N‐heterocyclic carbene complex Pd^II(NHC)SO₃^?, supported on poly(4‐vinylpyridinium chloride), was used as a heterogeneous, recyclable and active catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction. This catalyst was applied for coupling of various aryl halides with phenylboronic acid and the corresponding products were obtained in excellent yields and short reaction times. The catalyst was characterized using Fourier transform infrared and diffuse reflectance UV–visible spectroscopies, scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis. After each reaction, the catalyst was recovered easily by simple filtration and reused several times without significant loss of its catalytic activity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Green synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles for hyperthermia,magnetic resonance imaging and 5-fluorouracil carrier in potential colorectal cancer treatment

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) have received considerable attention in various biomedical applications due to their fascinating properties and multiple...     

The Fluorescent Effect of Withania Somnifera Chitosan Nanocomposite as an Effective Contrast Agent for Cancer Theragnostic: Experimental Study in Vitro

Journal of Fluorescence - Nanomedicine and fluorescent optical imaging are effective in early cancer detection. The current study synthesized biocompatible nanocomposites from natural biomaterials...